1.卸载旧版本，避免冲突

for pkg in docker.io docker-doc docker-compose podman-docker containerd runc; do sudo apt-get remove $pkg; done

2.更新软件包

sudo apt update
sudo apt upgrade

3. 安装依赖包

sudo apt install apt-transport-https ca-certificates curl software-properties-common

4. 添加 Docker 官方 GPG 密钥

sudo curl -fsSL https://download.docker.com/linux/debian/gpg -o /etc/apt/keyrings/docker.asc
sudo chmod a+r /etc/apt/keyrings/docker.asc

5. 添加 Docker 仓库

echo \
  "deb [arch=$(dpkg --print-architecture) signed-by=/etc/apt/keyrings/docker.asc] https://download.docker.com/linux/debian \
  $(. /etc/os-release && echo "$VERSION_CODENAME") stable" | \
  sudo tee /etc/apt/sources.list.d/docker.list > /dev/null
# 更新
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt update

6. 安装 Docker

sudo apt-get install docker-ce docker-ce-cli containerd.io docker-buildx-plugin docker-compose-plugin

7. 启动并验证 Docker

  • 启动 Docker 并设置为开机自启

sudo systemctl start docker
sudo systemctl enable docker

  • 验证 Docker 是否安装成功

sudo docker --version

8. 添加国内镜像加速源

  • 新建docker文件夹

sudo mkdir -p /etc/docker

  • 创建daemon.json文件，并写入加速源

sudo tee /etc/docker/daemon.json <<EOF
{
    "registry-mirrors": [
        "https://docker.1ms.run",
        "https://docker.anyhub.us.kg",
        "https://dockerhub.jobcher.com",
        "https://dockerhub.icu"
    ]
}
EOF

  • 重载并重启docker

sudo systemctl daemon-reload
sudo systemctl restart docker

至此docker安装完成